Albuquerque, New Mexico is on the verge of becoming the latest state to require sixth-grade girls to be vaccinated against the HPV virus. Currently only Texas requires the vaccine, other states are in the process of considering having the vaccine become mandatory.

Federal regulators have approved the vaccine, made by Merck & Co, but the issue of making it a requirement for girls has been surrounded by controversy. The federal government approved Gardasil, a three-dose vaccine that protects against the human papilloma virus, or HPV, in June 2006 for females ages nine to twenty six. The vaccine protects against the HPV strains that cause cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancers.

Some states want the drug to be free to all girls who want it and other states are considering making the cervical vaccine mandatory for girls entering six grade unless their parents sign a form refusing it.

More of The Cancer Blog's coverage of this issue can be found here:

Merck stops cervical cancer vaccine campaign

Texas first to mandate cervical cancer vaccine

Cervical cancer vaccine discount pursued for poor nations

New Hampshire first to immunize young girls

Girls should see gynecologist in early teens

Thirteen year old girl is the first in Britain to have the new cervical cancer vaccine

Vaccine for cervical cancer to be administered to sixth graders

Concerns raised about new cervical cancer vaccine

Cervical cancer vaccine available for college students

Cancer vaccines virginity and sex: a battle first for acceptance

Women In Government applaud FDA approval of cervical cancer vaccine

First cervical cancer vaccine approved

Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. The World Health Organization has estimated that each year over 500,000 women will be diagnosed with cervical cancer and over 300,000 women will die of the disease. Cervical cancer is caused by a chronic infection with high-risk subtypes of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Two of these high-risk subtypes cause more than sixty percent of cervical cancers globally.

The impact of the widespread adoption of the HPV vaccination in Mexico showed that it could potentially drop the cases of cervical cancer by 59 percent. They showed that the biggest impact would be to girls given the vaccination at the age of ten.

Dr. Adriana Bermudez, who is a professor of gynecologic oncology and vice president elect of the International Gynecologic Cancer Society, says "This study shows the potential impact of the new prophylactic HPV vaccines in the Americas. We will need a major public-private partnership to make these vaccines available to the girls and women of the Americas, as well as a major educational campaign to alert parents to the importance of protecting their daughters from cervical cancer."

The International Gynecologic Cancer Society is a non-profit professional society with 1200 members from 80 countries dedicated to reducing the global burden of women's cancers through education and research.

Luis Carranza is just eight years old. And he is just a few years -- or perhaps a few months -- away from dying as a result of a weakened immune system due to aggressive treatment for leukemia. The same treatment that at one time brought remission for this boy also attacked his central nervous system, caused seizures, brought on terminal and irreversible brain damage, and eventually sent him into a vegetative state. Luis has traveled a rough road -- and so has his mother who illegally slipped him across the Mexican border into the United States in hopes of treatment to save her young son's life.

Guadalupe Carranza did find salvation for her son in a Texas hospital and for more than one year, Luis received chemotherapy and radiation -- and loads of love from staff and volunteers who helped care for him. Guadalupe was not always there for her son, though, because after locating helpful health care and social services, she was deported to Mexico. She tried to return on many occasions and even received assistance from doctors, nurses, social workers, and attorneys who worked to find a legal way to unite Guadalupe and Luis. But not until Luis fell into a coma did efforts pay off.

After negotiation with border and consulate officials, Guadalupe was granted a humanitarian parole visa and legally crossed into the United States on May 8. The visa allowed her 60 days -- but officials agreed to let her stay until Luis passes away. And so she stays -- by her son's bedside where he rests peacefully in a place that gave him a chance at life. A chance his mother says he never would have had in Mexico.

Starchild Abraham Cherrix, a 16-year-old cancer patient who is battling Hodgkin's disease ended his legal fight with a victory Wednesday when his family's attorneys and social services officials reached an agreement that would allow him to forgo chemotherapy.

Cherrix who has struggled with the disease once before and having it reoccur, decided he wanted to take an alternative healing method to treat the disease the second time around. Social service officials fought that decision.

Under the court ruling, Cherrix will be treated by an oncologist of his choice who is board-certified in radiation therapy and interested in alternative treatments. The family must provide the court updates on Abraham's treatment and condition every three months until he's cured or turns 18. Cherrix is still on the Hoxsey method, an herbal treatment that is illegal in the United States but can be obtained through clinics in Mexico, but the family hasn't ruled out other possible treatments, such as immunotherapy or radiation treatment in small doses.

Fashion designer Betsey Johnson is the definition of original. As colorful and spirited as her fashion designs and clothing stores, at 63, she embraces life with equal creative enthusiasm. A journalist is quoted as once saying, "If Betsey Johnson didn't exist, we would have to invent her. She's the original wild child set to paint the town pink!"

In 1999, Betsey was diagnosed with breast cancer. After surgery and 33 radiation treatments, she became a breast cancer advocate involved in fundraising events and creating one-of-a-kind items that have been auctioned off to raise money for breast cancer charity. She has been an Honorary Chairperson for the Fashion Targets Breast Cancer initiative and was honored with an award by the National Breast Cancer Coalition for her contributions and work as a breast cancer advocate.

Two years ago, she designed a special tee for the book written by Geralyn Lucas, Why I Wore Lipstick to my Mastectomy. Both the book and tee were part of the Courage Night campaign launched through the chain of Betsey Johnson stores.

To find out what's new and what Betsey is up to next, visit the Betsey Johnson website.

Internationally acclaimed mezzo-soprano Lorraine Hunt Lieberson died Monday in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the age of 52. Hunt Lieberson battled breast cancer in the recent past and had canceled performances in 2005 and 2006 due to back problems -- yet no one was prepared for her death, which occured at her home with her husband by her side. The music world is shocked by her passing. There were no obvious warning signs because Hunt Lieberson often kept her health matters private. No public announcement regarding cause of death has been released.

Known for her beautiful voice -- and a repertoire that ranged from Baroque to contemporary -- the singer, a native of the San Francisco Bay area, began her career as a violist and later became a recitalist, a concert singer, and an operatic performer. She was powerful and polished in her unconventional opera delivery, says Richard Gaddes, director of the Santa Fe opera. She could take her audiences to depths so intense and so true, and her level of commitment will be very difficult to match. She was in a class of her own.

Olivia Newton-John, breast cancer survivor, and strong advocate for raising breast cancer awareness, recently released a CD dedicated to anyone who has been touched by cancer.

The CD features performances by some of her closest friends including Delta Goodrem, Patti Labelle, Diahann Carroll and Amy Sky. One of the ten songs on the CD includes Can I Trust Your Arms, written by Olivia's daughter Chloe, as a special Christmas gift for her mother.

Olivia Newton-John shares her feelings about the CD by saying, "I believe the songs I have chosen reflect the many emotions of such a journey. By way of this CD I am grateful to be able to pass on that torch with these songs of inspiration, encouragement and understanding to all of those facing breast cancer or any other challenging journey." Part of the proceeds from Stronger than Before are going to help build a comprehensive cancer center to treat all cancers at the Austin Hospital in Melborne, Australia.

Abraham Starchild Cherrix was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma last summer and went through three months of chemotherapy. Early this year, tests showed the chemotherapy had not achieved the goal of cancer remission and his doctors recommended more chemotherapy and radiation. Since being diagnosed with cancer, Cherrix has done his research, and when the doctors told him they would like him to undergo additional chemotherapy and radiation, he said thanks but no thanks. He has lost faith in conventional medicine to help him, and he is concerned about the poisonous damage chemotherapy and radiation will do to his body. He is not alone.

Cherrix wants to try alternative therapies now to combat a cancer that chemotherapy has failed to defeat. He is interested in a bible-based diet, and the Hoxsey formula involving herbs and nutrition. He has contacted the Association for Research and Enlightenment, a center founded by Christian psychic Edgar Cayce and a clinic in Tijuana, Mexico. Like I said, he is not alone. The interest and use of alternative therapies is a choice some cancer patients make to treat their cancer. Ultimately it is up to the cancer patient how the cancer is treated. So what is the big deal that Cherrix has chosen this route? He is 15 years-old. So when he made his intentions clear, with the support of his parents, child services and the court stepped in and legally ordered him to begin chemotherapy and radiation. His parents have been threatened with losing custody of their son.

It's a tough call. There is a cancer patient who does not believe in a treatment he is being forced to undergo -- and having faith in your doctors and treatment can affect how well a treatment works -- and life and death decisions and courses of action that often do not come with a second chance. If Cherrix were an adult, none of this would be a legal issue. Do you think the courts have a right to intervene?

According to statements made by Arizona Cancer Center and the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center researchers at the Avon Foundation Breast Cancer Symposium, little study has been done about breast cancer in Hispanic/Latina populations in the U.S. and as a result, not much is understood about the disease for these women. Breast cancer for Hispanic/Latina women appear to be occurring at an earlier age -- on average 10 years younger -- when compared to Caucasian women living in the U.S.

The Avon Foundation announced a $1 million dollar grant that will allow researchers in the U.S. and Mexico to begin an international research initiative to assess the specific types of breast cancer occurring in Latinas in both countries.

Because little research has focused on the causes of breast cancer in Hispanic/Latina populations living in the U.S., they are unsure why Latina women are diagnosed with breast cancer at a younger age or why more Latina women are diagnosed with the breast cancer. Researchers are hoping this grant will provide them with some answers.