Aspirin, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are known to halt the growth of some cancers, such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer, but no one could really explain why. Obviously, as a result it was believed that chronic inflammation might be leading to increased cancer risks. Still, no one could explain how any of this was happening enough to harness the ability to replicate it.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Columbia University Medical Center researchers have announced the discovery of a novel tumor suppressor gene that works with NSAIDS to stop the growth of cancer cells.

"Current clinical trials are evaluating a range of NSAIDs for a variety of cancers without any clear vision of the best way to use them," states Towia Libermann, PhD, Director of the BIDMC Genomics Center and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. "The fact that upregulation of this single gene MDA-7/IL-24 -- correlated not only with cell death induction of numerous types of cancer but also among various diverse classes of NSAIDs, makes this discovery particularly exciting."

As a result of this discovery, researchers believe newer targeted cancer therapies can be developed. To read more about the discovery, visit Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Columbia University Medical Center's Study Explains How NSAIDs Halt Cancer Growth.

Some of the previous posts we have on inflammation, cancer and aspirin are:

• Aspirin: amazing wonder drug in fighting cancer
• Inflammation link between rheumatoid arthritis and cancer
• What aspirin reveals about cancer

The National Cancer institute reports that about two to five percent of all malignancies diagnosed in the United States are head and neck cancers. About 39,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. In a long term study aspirin use taken over a long duration cut the risk of head and neck cancer by 30 percent. It wasn't so much the amount of aspirin that was taken but the length of time that people were on the drug that mattered.

Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDS). Experts believe that aspirin could be a cancer preventing medication but more studies need to be conducted to see if the rewards outweigh the risks of taking aspirin on a daily basis. There is a chance of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with daily use and it is not recommended that anyone start on an aspirin regime without discussing it with his or her physician first.

Colchicine, an anti-inflammatory drug prescribed for gout, appears to prevent some cases of liver cancer for patients with hepatitis virus-related liver cirrhosis, according to Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia researchers in Tlalpan, Mexico.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risks are higher for those who suffer from viral hepatitis. The study was a small one, involving 186 patients with hepatitis virus-related liver cirrhosis. 116 patients received colchicine. Of those, nine percent developed HCC. In the second group, 70 patients were not treated with the drug, and 29 percent developed HCC. Researchers explained that colchicine has the ability to block cancer cell proliferation.

The results of the study are published in the October 15th issue of Cancer.

Medline Plus offers this information about colchicine. Colchicine is used to prevent or treat attacks of gout. Colchicine prevents or relieves gout attacks by reducing inflammation, however, it is not an ordinary pain reliever and will not relieve most kinds of pain. Wikipedia describes colchicine as a highly poisonous alkaloid, originally extracted from plants known as Meadow saffron.

Prescription drugs purchased online from Canadian pharmacies were intercepted before they reached the US, and after preliminary laboratory tests were found to be counterfeit. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning consumers who may have obtained prescription drugs from Mediplan Prescription Plus Pharmacy or Mediplan Global Health in Manitoba, Canada not to take the medication as it may not be safe.

The drugs in question are Lipitor, Diovan, Actonel, Nexium, Hyzaar, Ezetrol or Zetia, Crestor, Celebrex, Arimidex, and Propecia. Most of the drugs are prescribed for cholesterol disorders and high blood pressure; Actonel for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; Nexium for gastroesophageal reflux disease; Celebrex for arthritis-related pain; Propecia for male-pattern baldness and Arimidex is a breast cancer chemoprevention medication.

Interestingly, the FDA conducted an investigation last year and discovered that nearly half of the imported drugs they confiscated from four selected countries were shipped to fill orders that consumers believed they were placing with Canadian pharmacies. The drugs did not come from Canada. According to the FDA, 85 percent actually came from 27 other countries around the globe. Buyer beware.

No one is suggesting that men start taking aspirin for prostate health if they are not already taking aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for other reasons. However, Mayo Clinic researchers do say that men who are already taking a daily dose of aspirin might be enjoying a better level of prostate health. According to researchers, aspirin seems to prevent or delay an enlarged prostate that can lead to urinary difficulties such as frequent urination, trouble urinating, weak urine stream and an urgent need to urinate.

While the researchers cannot state why NSAIDs benefit prostate health for benign prostatic hyperplasia, previous research has indicated aspirin provides certain prostate cancer prevention benefits. Many older adults already take aspirin, or other NSAIDs, for heart health and arthritis, and taking aspirin now appears to offer another added benefit in prostate health for men. Aspirin is not without its downside. Researchers do warn that taking aspirin can lead to stomach ulcers. As with any drug, one has to weigh the risk against the benefit.

The typical Western diet is lacking in a healthy balance of omega-3 fatty acids to omega-6 fatty acids, and for men with prostate cancer, this can have adverse consequences in controlling tumor growth and PSA levels. In this part of the world, our diet offers too little in the way of omega-3 and too much in the way of omega-6. Researchers found that by balancing the ratio in increasing omega-3 and decreasing omega-6 in the diet, there were able to slow tumor cell growth rates by 22 percent and lower PSA levels a whopping 77 percent.

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in leafy green vegetables, nuts, vegetable oils such as canola and soy, flaxseed, flaxseed oil, olive oil, cold-water fish like salmon, mackerel, sardines and fresh tuna. Omega-6 fatty acids are found in corn, safflower oils, food products made with corn oil (think processed foods and fast foods) and red meats.

According to UCLA researchers, when the fatty acids are not in the right ratio to each other, omega-6 creates an inflammatory response in the body that can promote the growth of tumors, while omega-3 has the opposite effect in acting as an anti-inflammatory.

"This is one of the first studies showing changes in diet can impact the inflammatory response that may play a role in prostate cancer tumor growth," said principal investigator Dr. William Aronson. "We may be able to use EPA and DHA supplements while also reducing omega-6 fatty acids in the diet as a cancer prevention tool or possibly to reduce progression in men with prostate cancer."

These studies were done on animal models, and not humans, but the researchers did use a special mouse model for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer that matched closely prostate cancer in men.

University of South Australia researchers have good news for people trying to lose weight, or maintain a healthy weight, in improving their health and reducing their risks for diseases like cancer. With no other lifestyle changes, taking omega-3 fish oil supplements and engaging in moderate exercise helped people struggling with weight issues -- who are overweight or obese -- effectively burn off extra pounds.

The researchers used tuna oil and sunflower oil in the study, and compared the effects of the two oils with exercise to weight loss results. The participants engaged in exercise that is considered moderate exercise -- walking or running for 45 minutes -- three times a week for three months and were given either tuna fish oil or sunflower oil. The participants who were given tuna fish oil lost weight faster.

The researchers believe that fish oil, which is rich in omega-3, helps the body burn fat, and estimates that most people do not get enough omega-3 in their daily diet. Omega-3 is also found in wild salmon, flaxseed, and certain nuts and seeds.

Although researchers have considered the possibility that the bark of the White Birch tree might contain a compound, known as betulinol, with the ability to fight prostate cancer, until recently there was no way to test it because they did not know how to make the compound water-soluble.

Now that Weill Medical College of Cornell University researchers have solved that problem, laboratory tests on mice are showing it is indeed effective in killing prostate cancer cells.

"Years of research appear to have paid off, and now animal tests on this potential anti-cancer agent can finally proceed. Already, in mouse studies, we've found that our water-soluble compound - called Boc-lysinated-betulonic acid -- has achieved up to 92 percent inhibition of prostate tumor growth compared to controls," states lead researcher Dr. Brij Saxena.

While the study into the cancer-fighting properties of the White Birch tree might be new, the White Birch tree has a history of medicinal uses. According to the Living Memorials Project website White Birch tree information page, Native American Indians used the leaves and bark of the tree as a tea to treat fevers, stomach upset, and rheumatism. The bark was boiled to make poultices for minor wounds, and an oil made from the bark to treat bladder infections, rheumatism, gout and nerve pain. In Europe, the leaves were used to treat skin rashes, hair loss, rheumatic complaints, and to purify the blood. Birch tar oil was used to treat chronic skin diseases.

The Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases of United States Department of Agriculture includes information on betulin and betulinic acid as showing that it inhibits cancer, and the compound is also known to be anticarcinomic; anti-flu; anti-inflammatory; antiviral; and a prostaglandin-synthesis-inhibitor.

We should all take a lesson from Popeye and eat more spinach.  It not only gives you iron for energy, it helps protect the brain from oxidative stress and may reduce the effects of age-related related declines in brain function. Spinach also contains anti-inflammatory nutrients. For atherosclerosis and diabetic heart disease, few foods compare to spinach in their number of helpful nutrients. Spinach is an excellent source of vitamin C and vitamin A, the latter notably through its concentration of beta-carotene. And if all those benefits were not enough reasons to make you eat your spinach then also know that spinach lowers the risk for cancer. Spinach probably won't make you super strong the minute you eat it but it may be able to help you avoid some very serious health conditions.

Vicki's Oriental Spinach Salad
1 1/2  lbs fresh baby spinach leaves
1/2 red onion sliced thin
1/2 sweet red bell pepper chopped
1 tomato sliced in wedges
1/4 cup sliced almonds
2 tablespoons sesame oil
1 tablespoon olive oil 
1 teaspoon sugar 
2 tablespoons rice wine vinegar 
3 tablespoons soy sauce 
1 teaspoon Dijon mustard 
1 teaspoon toasted sesame seeds

Rinse and clean well the spinach and set aside to drain. In a bowl whisk together the oils, vinegar, soy sauce, sugar, Dijon mustard and sesame seeds. Toss the spinach, red sweet peppers, onions, tomatoes, and almonds together in a bowl and drizzle the prepared dressing over the salad.

Grapes are loaded with phytonutrients such as resveratrol, quercetin, anthocyanin and catechin. Resveratrol, found primarily in the skin of grapes, has been found in preliminary studies to fight breast, liver and colon cancers. Resveratrol is also believed to play a role in the reduction of heart disease and has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. Here is a fun and different type of salsa to serve as a snack or at parties for an appetizer that is heart healthy and helps to reduce cancer risks.

Vicki's Grape Salsa
1 cup red or purple seedless grapes coarsely chopped
1 cup green seedless grapes coarsely chopped
1/4 cup chopped green onion (green stalk and white onion part)
1/2 cup chopped sweet red pepper
3 tablespoons fresh chopped cilantro
1 tablespoon olive oil
2 tablespoons lime juice
1 tablespoon finely chopped jalapeno pepper (add more if you like spicy)
1/2 teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon Texas Pete hot sauce
Corn Tortilla Chips
 
In a medium sized mixing bowl combine all ingredients except chips, mixing well. Refrigerate for at least 2 hours letting the flavors blend. Stir well before serving with corn tortilla chips.

 

The California Strawberry Commission shares study findings revealing that a substance in strawberries, quercetin, programs cancer cells to self destruct. Quercetin, a phytonutrient and member of a large class of plant compounds called flavonoids known for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and antiviral abilities, is found in strawberries and other fruits. As an example, in addition to strawberries, apple peels have a high level of quercetin.

Researchers tested strawberry fruit extracts on human liver cancer cells. Quercetin was the most active polyphenol of the compounds tested, and showed a dramatic reduction in the life of a cancer cell. Both quercetin and strawberry extract stunted the progression of cancer cell growth. Researchers believe that quercetin may provide protection at several steps in the process of cancer development.