Triple-negative breast cancer means that the pathology report has shown the cancer to be estrogen receptor negative, progesterone receptor negative, and HER2 negative.

Results published in Clinical Cancer Research found that women with triple negative breast cancer have an increased risk of metastatic disease and death during the first few years after diagnoses, but not after that time period.

A study was conducted among 1,601 breast cancer patients. One hundred and eighty women (11.2%) had triple negative breast cancer.

The results of the study:

It's called triple-negative breast cancer and it manifests itself in the lack of expression of two cell surface proteins -- estrogen and progesterone receptors -- and also the protein HER2.

It's a disease that does not typically respond to treatment with standard chemotherapy drugs and therefore, diagnosis can come with a poor prognosis. But a new study out of Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center in Boston indicates this type of disease is sensitive to the drug cisplatin.

The study, appearing online in the April 19 Journal of Clinical Investigation and in the journal's May print issue, shows that triple-negative breast cancer expresses larger amounts of two proteins, delta-Np63 and TAp73. Delta-Np63 binds to TAp73 and prevents it from killing cancerous cells. Cisplatin does the trick, though, and releases TAp73 from delta-Np63. This causes the cells to die and offers hope for a sometimes hopeless disease.

I blogged about Diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer back in November. This topic seemed to get many responses from women who fit into this breast cancer 'category'.

I read a report today that discussed new data that can add to the traditional pathology testing, tumor size and lymph node status to name a few, for women with triple negative disease. This would not be a new treatment for triple negative breast cancer, but I believe this information found to be very important for future discoveries that might lead to more options for triple negative breast cancer patients.

What was discussed was the assessment of basal cytokeratins and androgen receptors in patients with triple negative breast cancer. The researchers are trying to identify prognostic markers that might signal more aggressive behavior of these specific tumors.

The only thing this seems to be able to help with at the moment is getting physicians to understand if you have a triple negative breast cancer that is more aggressive, thus warranting more aggressive treatment.

For those with triple negative disease this might not seem that great, however they are studying what makes these tumors tick and I think this will eventually evolve into new targeted treatments.

Breast cancer statistics for 2003 are in, and researchers have announced that the number of breast cancer cases dropped by an impressive seven percent, with the greatest drop occurring in women between ages 50-69 diagnosed with estrogen receptor positive (ER-positive) breast cancer.

The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center researchers attribute this good news to the fact that in the same time frame, millions of women stopped taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT) over concerns that HRT led to an increased risk for breast cancer.

If the statistics hold for upcoming years, HRT will have proven a greater causative effect leading to breast cancer than originally believed.

"Incidence of breast cancer had been increasing in the 20 or so years prior to July 2002, and this increase was over and above the known role of screening mammography," stated Donald Berry, Ph.D. "HRT had been proposed as a possible factor, although the magnitude of any HRT effect was not known. Now the possibility that the effect is much greater than originally thought all along is plausible, and that is a remarkable finding."

While the researchers best guesstimate is that HRT might be the contributing factor to the drop in ER-positive breast cancer cases for 2003, they cannot be 100 percent certain at this point. We will need to wait and see what the years 2004 and 2005 tell us about any continuing declines in breast cancer cases, and learn what other, if any, contributing factors are responsible for the decline.

Previous posts we have done regarding HRT and breast cancer:

• Hooray for HRT!?
• HRT and smoking dramatically increases breast cancer risk
• HRT increases breast cancer risks

A study that appears in the December issue of Science reports that a chemical compound called mifepristone present in the abortion pill may prevent breast tumors from developing. The compound has been found to prevent the growth of breast tumors caused by the mutant gene responsible for breast and ovarian cancers.

Mifepristone showed to prohibit progesterone, a hormone involved with the female reproductive cycle. Women who are diagnosed with BRCA 1 mutation often have their breasts or ovaries removed to reduce the risk of developing cancer.

Eva Lee, lead author of the study and professor of developmental cell biology and biological chemistry, says "We found that progesterone plays a role in the development of breast cancer by encouraging the proliferation of mammary cells that carry a breast cancer gene. Mifepristone can block that response. We're excited about this discovery and hope it leads to new options for women with a high risk for developing breast cancer".

BRCA 1 is widely studied by cancer geneticists because a mutated version of this gene significantly raises the possibility of breast or ovarian cancers. By age 70, more than 50 percent of women with the mutated gene with develop breast or ovarian cancer. The researchers studied mice with the BRCA 1 mutation. The mice that were treated with mifepristone, an anti-progesterone compound did not develop breast cancer by the time they reached one year of age. All of the untreated mice developed tumors by eight months of age.

The researchers found that progesterone encourages the development of cancer when the mutated BRCA 1 gene is present because it speeds up the division of cancer cells. Mifepristone was found to block a binding process that is necessary for progesterone to cause the cell division. The researchers feel that anti-progesterone therapy could provide women with an increased risk for breast cancer with more treatment options in the future.

No one is suggesting women use the abortion pill RU-486 to keep a well-known breast cancer gene from doing its dirty work, but scientists have successfully used this pill to keep tumors at bay in mice bred with the BRCA1 gene. And while this breakthrough may not benefit the human population just yet, it does indicate there may be something on the horizon to help women who carry the gene and are destined to develop breast cancer.

The BRCA1 gene spurs the sex hormone progesterone that RU-486 happens to block. If researchers could create a safer hormone blocker, it may offer an alternative for women with the bad gene. Today, there are just a few options for these women -- and all of them are anxiety-producing.

Currently, women can receive more frequent cancer screenings to catch cancer in its earliest form, remove both breasts while they are still healthy, take the hormone-blocking drug Tamoxifen, and remove the ovaries to cut the risk of both breast and ovarian cancers. A better option is necessary for women faced with an almost certainty of developing cancer.

The deputy chief medical officer for the American Cancer Society calls this study elegant research. But he stresses that "it would not be appropriate in any way, shape or form that women start taking RU-486 for this purpose." Long-term use of this abortion drug can cause other side effects, including immune system suppression.

Cancer specialists applaud this development. Yet they caution women to not get their hopes up yet. They say this is an avenue worth pursuing on a research level. But it's clearly too soon to start recommending use of an agent like RU-486 for breast cancer prevention.

If we made no further progress in breast cancer research from this day on, the number of women dying from breast cancer five years from now would still drop substantially because we've progressed so much over the past few years, says MD Eric Winer in the October 2006 issue of Oprah magazine. Winer, director of the Breast Oncology Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, is right. There has been a lot of progress. Breast cancer research is on a roll. And here are seven reasons why.

When I first looked at my pathology report more than 18 months ago, it made little sense. Terms like Bloom Richardson Score and margins and Her2Neu were as foreign to me as the breast cancer that somehow invaded my body. So I read it over and over again and was eventually able to identify the basic meaning hidden within the four pages that detailed my disease. As it turned out, this report was my map. It led me in various directions for various treatments. It contained some roadblocks. It was sometimes confusing. And sometimes I got lost. There were some good and not-so-good stops along the way. And in the end, I reached my final destination -- in the land survival. And this is where I hope to stay. For a long time.

My map is not necessary anymore -- although I still look back at it. I've found that it makes more sense now that time has passed. I can interpret it more objectively, with more perspective and less emotion and fear. I am still learning about the disease that was removed from my breast. And I am realizing there was a lot I never really knew -- like these seven subjects -- when breast cancer was new and fresh and debilitating.

Chemotherapy causes nausea, weakness and hair loss. Certainly challenging enough to manage during cancer treatment. Add to that hot flashes, flushes, night sweats and cold flashes, a clammy feeling, sporadic rapid heart beat, irritability, mood swings, sudden tears, insomnia, fatigue, feelings of anxiety, dread, apprehension, difficulty concentrating, disorientation and mental confusion, and you have chemo-induced menopause. For premenopausal women who are diagnosed with cancer, chemo-induced menopause comes quickly, without warning. There are no years of perimenopause, where symptoms of menopause begin to ease their way, wispy and whispery, into a woman’s consciousness, signaling change is ahead. No, with chemo-induced menopause, a woman is pushed into a dive off a cliff, praying on the way down she can remember form and have the ability to swim.

Sue Richards blogs personal perspective and experience at My Menopause Blog, on how to punctuate life without a period. Her daily life is simple and rich, a complexity of moments she weaves into a story of continuum worth telling. From hot flashes to life stages, men and menopause, menopause fashion and menopause news, Richards is authentic at all times, sharing inherent confusion and insight into one of the most significant stations in the journey of a woman's life. My Menopause blog, in being all about the menopause phases, of transition and transformation, in all the quirky moments of getting from here to there, and hot flashes in between, is a welcome respite and repose, an oasis of charm in wit and wisdom for women.

 Minnie Pauz offers Minnie Moments and humor replacement therapy - her version of HRT. Power Surge, in its 13th year online, is a warm and caring community for women in menopause. Power Surge was created by Alice Lotto Stamm, better known by the online persona, "Dearest," a name given her by a friend who installed her first AOL software.

Women are intuitive in knowing it's best not to travel alone, and building community leads to healing. The station after menopause is an arrival into the mystical circle of wisewomen, the gatekeepers of community. The journey through menopause a challenge in time of life changes. For chemo-induced menopause, a challenge of life changes defying the natural designs of time.